Common GI Diseases

Posted on Jul 14, 2022

Gastrointestinal diseases cause abdominal pain, and discomfort and most importantly, disturb the quality of life. Usually, people tend to ignore frequent digestive issues such as bloating, flatulence, and indigestion but their recurrence ends in chronic and severe digestive health issues. Some common GI diseases and their treatments are:

Constipation

Constipation is a common condition where a person is unable to pass stools regularly. Less than three bowel movements a week on a regular basis denotes chronic constipation. Other symptoms include straining to pass stools, incomplete evacuation of the stools, and lumpy or hard stools. A diet rich in fiber helps to add bulk to stools and eases constipation. Chronic constipation is often the root cause of other rectal problems. 

Acid Reflux 

Heartburn is a common term for acid reflux disease. When acid in the stomach flows upwards towards the mouth through the esophagus or the food pipe, it irritates the lining of the esophagus causing a burning sensation and discomfort. If it is persistent, it may damage the lining causing a more serious disease GERD or Gastrointestinal Reflux Disease. Treatment options include oral medications like antacids and lifestyle modifications. 

Irritable Bowels

IBS or Irritable Bowel Syndrome is a common disorder that affects the large intestine. Signs and symptoms include cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea or constipation, or both. The cause of irritable bowel syndrome isn't well understood. Treatment includes managing diet, lifestyle, and stress along with medication and counseling.

Food Poisoning

Food poisoning is an illness caused by eating contaminated food, especially street food made in unhygienic conditions. In most cases of food poisoning, the food is contaminated by bacteria, such as salmonella or Escherichia coli (E. coli), or a virus, such as the norovirus. Most food poisoning is mild and resolves without treatment. Ensuring adequate hydration is the most important aspect of treatment.

Ulcers

A stomach ulcer is a sore that develops on the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine. The common symptoms of peptic ulcers are upper abdominal pain and indigestion. Ulcer pain feels like burning inside the stomach. Treatment usually includes medication to decrease stomach acid production. If it is caused by bacteria, antibiotics may be required.